CAS, an institution independent of any sports organisation, handles significant legal sporting cases such as doping and contract disputes.

The European Court of Justice has empowered national courts to review arbitral awards by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) to ensure compliance with EU law. This decision challenges the standard finality of CAS rulings,

European Court of Justice, after case in which Belgian club challenged Fifa, allows review of CAS rulings to ensure they comply with law.